Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference - gas

n. & v. --n. (pl. gases) 1 any airlike substance which moves freely to fill any space available, irrespective of its quantity. 2 a such a substance (esp. found naturally or extracted from coal) used as a domestic or industrial fuel (also attrib. : gas cooker; gas fire). b an explosive mixture of firedamp with air. 3 nitrous oxide or another gas used as an anaesthetic (esp. in dentistry). 4 a gas or vapour used as a poisonous agent to disable an enemy in warfare. 5 US colloq. petrol, gasoline. 6 sl. pointless idle talk; boasting. 7 sl. an enjoyable, attractive, or amusing thing or person. --v. (gases, gassed, gassing) 1 tr. expose to gas, esp. to kill or make unconscious. 2 intr. give off gas. 3 tr. (usu. foll. by up) US colloq. fill (the tank of a motor vehicle) with petrol. 4 intr. colloq. talk idly or boastfully. Phrases and idioms gas chamber an airtight chamber that can be filled with poisonous gas to kill people or animals. gas chromatography chromatography employing gas as the eluent. gas-cooled (of a nuclear reactor etc.) cooled by a current of gas. gas fire a domestic fire using gas as its fuel. gas-fired using gas as the fuel. gas gangrene a rapidly spreading gangrene of injured tissue infected by a soil bacterium and accompanied by the evolution of gas. gas mask a respirator used as a defence against poison gas. gas meter an apparatus recording the amount of gas consumed. gas oil a type of fuel oil distilled from petroleum and heavier than paraffin oil. gas plant Bot. fraxinella. gas-proof impervious to gas. gas ring a hollow ring perforated with gas jets, used esp. for cooking. gas station US a filling-station. gas-tight proof against the leakage of gas. gas turbine a turbine driven by a flow of gas or by gas from combustion. Etymology: invented by J. B. van Helmont, Belgian chemist d. 1644, after Gk khaos chaos